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Topology Optimization for Optimal Design of Human Tibial Fixation Plates toward Improving Biomechanical Compatibility

Authors :

Aida Ahmadi¹ Taha Goudarzi²

1- Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic) 2- Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic)

Keywords :

Stress Shielding،Fixation Plates،Tibia،Topology Optimization،Design of Experiments

Abstract :

Stress shielding is one of the main challenges of using bone fixation plates, caused by the stiffness mismatch between the metallic plates and the natural bone. The goal of this study is to reduce the overall stiffness of tibial fixtures through topology optimization and design of experiments. Effects of four parameters, the number of holes, the hole diameters, the loading condition, and the volume reduction, on the overall stiffness of a tibial fixation plate are investigated using finite element analysis combined with Plackett–Burman and Taguchi design methods. The results show that the loading condition and volume reduction are the most influential factors, while the number and diameter of the holes are less critical. The optimized design, with eight holes, hole diameters of 11 and 13.5 mm, under compressive screw-hole loading, and a 45% volume reduction, achieved an equivalent elastic modulus of 5975 MPa, with a maximum stress well below the titanium yield stress. These results suggest that topology optimization can be used effectively for reducing the stress shielding and improving the biomechanical compatibility of fixation plates.