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Comparative Hemodynamic Analysis of Bicuspid and Tricuspid Aortic Valves Through CFD Simulation

Authors :

Taha Samiazar¹ Mouoode Allahyari² Reyhaneh Mosaferchi³ Julio Garcia Flores⁴ Nasser Fatouraee⁵

1- Amirkabir University of Technology 2- Amirkabir University of Technology 3- Amirkabir University of Technology 4- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada 5- Amirkabir University of Technology

Keywords :

4D-MRI،Hemodynamics،Cardiac Biomechanics

Abstract :

4D-MRI imaging offers dynamic visualization of cardiac blood flow, but its limited spatial resolution can restrict the accuracy of hemodynamic quantification. To address this, we present an integrated framework combining 4D-MRI data with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to enhance the precision of flow analysis in patient-specific aortic geometries. In this study, 4D-MRI data from a patient with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) disease were used to reconstruct the aortic anatomy. To reduce computational complexity while preserving physiologically relevant flow features, the geometry was simplified by removing nonessential anatomical structures. Idealized valve models were developed for both BAV and tricuspid aortic valve (TAV) configurations. Importantly, both geometries were reconstructed to represent pre-disease anatomy, enabling comparative analysis of baseline hemodynamic conditions. A hybrid valve model was also created by integrating features from both types of valves. CFD simulations were performed under consistent boundary conditions across all configurations. Key hemodynamic metrics—including wall shear stress, oscillatory shear index (OSI), and velocity fields—were quantified and validated against 4D-MRI measurements, demonstrating strong agreement. Comparative results revealed significant differences in shear stress distribution, OSI patterns, and flow organization between valve types, underscoring the influence of valve morphology on aortic hemodynamics. This integrated CFD–4D MRI approach provides novel, patient-specific insights that may inform clinical decision-making, surgical planning, and valve repair strategies.