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Argeted Cancer Treatment Through Tissue Engineering and Biomaterial-Based Drug Delivery Systems:

Authors :

Laleh Etemad-Ghazani¹ Mina Saddi-Khelejan² Mahdi Hasanpour³

1- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحدتبریز 2- دانشگاه شهید مدنی آذربایجان 3- دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شرق

Keywords :

Cancer،method of transmission،medication،targeted therapy،CD44 receptor،Quantum dots (QDs)،siRNA delivery،Targeted cancer therapy،Biomaterials،Gene silencing

Abstract :

Targeted cancer therapy has revolutionized oncological treatment by improving drug specificity and minimizing systemic toxicity. This review explores diverse strategies for targeted drug delivery, focusing on antibody-based targeting, nanoparticle-mediated delivery, and RNA interference technologies such as siRNA and miRNA therapeutics. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) have shown promise in specifically binding to tumor cell surface markers like CD44, enhancing selective cytotoxicity. Nanoparticles, particularly those functionalized with ligands such as hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS), offer improved pharmacokinetics, stability, and tumor targeting via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Recent advances include the use of quantum dots (QDs) engineered for bioimaging and drug delivery, demonstrating enhanced uptake and therapeutic efficacy in CD44-overexpressing tumors. Furthermore, siRNA-loaded nanocarriers provide potent gene-silencing mechanisms, overcoming challenges related to stability and cellular uptake through CD44 targeting. Despite promising preclinical and early clinical outcomes, challenges such as off-target effects, immune responses, and delivery efficiency persist. Future directions emphasize the integration of biomaterial-based drug delivery systems with tissue engineering, refined nanoparticle surface chemistry, and combinational therapies to enhance tumor specificity and therapeutic outcomes. This comprehensive overview highlights the evolving landscape of targeted cancer treatments, emphasizing the critical role of molecular targeting and nanotechnology in developing safer and more effective oncologic therapies.