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Comparative Evaluation of Two Keratin Extraction Methods from Kurdish Sheep Wool and Their Application in the Fabrication of Biocompatible Hydrogels with Gelation Time Analysis

Authors :

Sajjad Pourabdal Nergi¹ Fatemeh Bagheri² Abbas Sheikh³

1- دانشگاه تربیت مدرس 2- دانشگاه تربیت مدرس 3- دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

Keywords :

oxidized alginate،inversion test،Schiff base linkage،silk fibroin،keratin،hydrogel

Abstract :

In this study, keratin was extracted from sheep wool using sodium sulfide hydrate and sodium metabisulfite methods, with urea and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to enhance solubility. The extraction yield and structural properties were analyzed using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), indicating that the metabisulfite method yielded higher purity and structural preservation. Hydrogels were then fabricated using extracted keratin, SF, ADA, and alginate at various ratios to achieve suitable gelation behavior. Rheological analysis confirmed the viscoelastic nature of the hydrogels with stable storage modulus in the linear region. Mechanical compression testing revealed appropriate stiffness for potential bone tissue engineering applications. Overall, keratin type, formulation ratio, and crosslinking conditions critically influenced the gelation behavior, rheological stability, and mechanical performance of the developed hydrogels.