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Biomedical Applications of Pectin Nanomaterials: Progress and Perspectives

Authors :

Maryam Rajabzadeh-khosroshahi¹ Ali Baradar Khoshfetrat² Mehdi Salami-Kalajahi³

1- Tabriz University of Technology 2- Tabriz University of Technology 3- Tabriz University of Technology

Keywords :

pectin،biopolymer،nanomaterials،drug delivery،gene delivery،theranostics،wound healing

Abstract :

Pectin polysaccharide is a natural biopolymer that has recently attended as a sustainable platform for the design of functional nanomaterials in biomedical research. Its excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability, low toxicity, chemical versatility, low cost, and ease of availability make it well-suited for nanoscale delivery platforms designed to encapsulate and protect therapeutic agents until they reach the target tissues to be released sustained/controlled. Pectin-based nanomaterials are particularly effective in oral delivery systems due to pectin’s stability in acidic media of stomach and small intestine. On the other hand, pectin and pectin-coated nanomaterials have strong potential in liver cancer targeted drug delivery through selective binding to hepatocyte cancer cell receptors. While pectin-coated nanocomposites are being explored as non-viral vectors for gene delivery applications, further clinical validation is needed. In addition, pectin has intrinsic biological properties, including anticancer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, and anti-cholesterol activities, that could enhance therapeutic effects. Pectin-based nanomaterials have illustrated significant potential in wound healing by promoting cell proliferation, regulating immune responses, and increasing tissue regeneration, especially when loaded with therapeutic/pharmaceutical agents. This review highlights recent advances, advantages, limitations, and future directions of pectin-based nanomaterials in biomedical applications, specifically in drug and gene delivery systems and wound healing applications.